With millions of refugees seeking sanctuary in Europe and elsewhere, how cheap mobile technology is transforming the experience of migrants and refugees worldwide.
Smartphones are making it easier to find where your nearest and dearest are, to avoid arrest, and to work out what the safest and cheapest way is of getting from A to B.
Matthew Brunwasser's been looking at how migrant and refugee groups are using GPS, mapping, instant messaging and social media for The New York Times.