One hundred and fifty years ago, a new, foreign technology was seizing New Zealand society with fear.
It was weird, unnatural, it would change civilisation irrevocably, for the worse, and that piece of tech was the bicycle.
Dr Kate MacKrill is a health psychologist and the University of Auckland.
She specialises in how the mind's expectations can affect the body and has been writing in the New Zealand Medical Journal about the 'bicycle face' phenomenon.
The popular bicycle arrives: the Star Cycles Humber from1894 Photo: supplied